Transatlantic dynamics in cybersecurity

Cyber security is a rapidly and continuously developing area, where Europe and the United States adopt dynamic and adapted approaches to technological changes and the threat landscape. The escalation of cyber incidents linked to geopolitical conflicts has significantly impacted cybersecurity policies. Annita Larissa Sciacovelli, professor of International Law and member of the ENISA Advisory Group, analyzes the differences and similarities between the cyber strategies of the USA and the EU, underlining how both aim for effectiveness and resilience in response to current challenges.

First strategic moves in the USA and EU

From the 2016 enactment of the NIS Directive in Europe to the GDPR and the US "NATIONAL CYBER STRATEGY", the foundations for strategic and operational action have been laid in both Europe and the USA. In Italy, CINI contributed with the publication of an important document, while over time there has been a strong development of national cyber architectures thanks to adequate regulations. The European NIS2 directive and the US Department of Defense (DoD) cybersecurity strategy outline action plans and a vision aligned with greater cyber resilience and defense.

Distinctive elements of cybersecurity strategies

Sciacovelli highlights the difference between European and American strategies, placing emphasis on the supranational organization of the EU which is concerned with the security of its digital single market and the holistic strategy of the United States which aims for a safe and value-respecting digital ecosystem national. Europe focuses on resilience against cyber threats and distorted information, while the US reframes the responsibility for defending cyberspace with a strategy focused on cooperation within its institutions.

Strengthen cyber defense with ENISA and international cooperation

ENISA plays a key role in implementing European strategies, providing threat analysis tools and specific studies against disinformation. International cooperation is fundamental, as demonstrated by the growth of relations between the EU and the USA in the cyber sector. Since 2014, joint initiatives have strengthened interoperability and response to cyber crises, with a special mention to the collaboration in the field of quantum computing promoted by the EU-US Trade and Technology Council (TTC).